EVALUATION OF SOIL CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGY WITH A HOSE SPRINKLER FOR WATERING CASSETTE SEEDLINGS IN PROTECTED SOIL
Rubrics: AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND POLICIES
Authors:
1.
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigation Systems and Agricultural Water Supply "Raduga"
2.
3.
State Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Moscow Region "State Social and Humanitarian University"
4.
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev”
Type:
Article
eLocation:
Status:
Published
Received:
06.04.2025
Accepted:
15.04.2025
Published:
25.04.2025
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
oroshenie, shlangovyy dozhdevatel', zaschischennyy grunt, vesennie teplicy, kassetnaya rassada, kachestvennye pokazateli dozhdya, naklon nasadki, pochvosberezhenie, pochvosohrannost', eroziya pochv
Abstract (English):
The article substantiates that vegetable farming is an integral part of the country's food security. It has been determined that the most effective method of cultivating vegetable crops is the seedling method using cassette technology. It is noted that growing seedlings in cassettes in spring film greenhouses promotes higher survival rates when transplanted into open ground, and irrigation is an important part of seedling production. An analysis of existing equipment for irrigating seedlings in cassettes has shown that the required quality of irrigation for vegetable seedlings can only be achieved using equipment designed for winter greenhouses, while mobile sprinkler systems used in spring greenhouses do not provide high-quality irrigation. To address the shortcomings of existing technology, the authors have developed technical solutions for improving the existing hose-type sprinkler for protected cultivation, model DSh-0.6, which are supported by Russian patents. One of these solutions aimed to reduce the washing out of substrate from cassette cells by tilting the sector nozzles at a 10-degree angle in the direction of the wing rotation, which, according to theoretical studies, should reduce soil splashing by approximately 15%. The aim of the current study is to confirm the effectiveness of the developed technical solution. For this purpose, a methodology was proposed to evaluate the soil preservation indicators of the hose-type sprinkler in protected cultivation. This methodology involves determining the percentage of substrate washed out from the cassette cells by weighing the soil substrate before and after long-term irrigation with different nozzle tilt angles. Laboratory and field studies were conducted according to the proposed methodology, the obtained results were processed, and a regression dependence was derived. The results of experimental studies revealed that tilting the sector sprinkler nozzle at a 10-degree angle in the direction of the wing rotation reduces the washing out of the soil substrate by 12%.
The article substantiates that vegetable farming is an integral part of the country's food security. It has been determined that the most effective method of cultivating vegetable crops is the seedling method using cassette technology. It is noted that growing seedlings in cassettes in spring film greenhouses promotes higher survival rates when transplanted into open ground, and irrigation is an important part of seedling production. An analysis of existing equipment for irrigating seedlings in cassettes has shown that the required quality of irrigation for vegetable seedlings can only be achieved using equipment designed for winter greenhouses, while mobile sprinkler systems used in spring greenhouses do not provide high-quality irrigation. To address the shortcomings of existing technology, the authors have developed technical solutions for improving the existing hose-type sprinkler for protected cultivation, model DSh-0.6, which are supported by Russian patents. One of these solutions aimed to reduce the washing out of substrate from cassette cells by tilting the sector nozzles at a 10-degree angle in the direction of the wing rotation, which, according to theoretical studies, should reduce soil splashing by approximately 15%. The aim of the current study is to confirm the effectiveness of the developed technical solution. For this purpose, a methodology was proposed to evaluate the soil preservation indicators of the hose-type sprinkler in protected cultivation. This methodology involves determining the percentage of substrate washed out from the cassette cells by weighing the soil substrate before and after long-term irrigation with different nozzle tilt angles. Laboratory and field studies were conducted according to the proposed methodology, the obtained results were processed, and a regression dependence was derived. The results of experimental studies revealed that tilting the sector sprinkler nozzle at a 10-degree angle in the direction of the wing rotation reduces the washing out of the soil substrate by 12%.
Keywords:
oroshenie, shlangovyy dozhdevatel', zaschischennyy grunt, vesennie teplicy, kassetnaya rassada, kachestvennye pokazateli dozhdya, naklon nasadki, pochvosberezhenie, pochvosohrannost', eroziya pochv
oroshenie, shlangovyy dozhdevatel', zaschischennyy grunt, vesennie teplicy, kassetnaya rassada, kachestvennye pokazateli dozhdya, naklon nasadki, pochvosberezhenie, pochvosohrannost', eroziya pochv
