APPLE TREE BREEDING IN THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE FOOTHILLS NORTH CAUCASUS
Rubrics: AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND POLICIES
Authors:
1.
Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M.Kokov
2.
Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M.Kokov
3.
Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M.Kokov
4.
Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M.Kokov
5.
Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M.Kokov
Type:
Article
eLocation:
Status:
Published
Received:
06.02.2022
Accepted:
15.02.2022
Published:
25.02.2022
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
sorta yabloni, selekciya, roditel'skih form, kombinacionnaya sposobnost', karlikovost', skoroplodnost'
Abstract (English):
The work was aimed at updating the industrial assortment of apple trees with varieties with high and stable yields in different weather conditions in years for ecologically contrasting zones of the North Caucasus. The potential abilities of the best parental forms of the apple tree were revealed when studying the priority signs of the fruit and tree. As a result, optimal ratios of parental components have been selected that are suitable for use in breeding in the foothills of the North Caucasus. The main problem of apple tree breeding remains the creation of varieties with high adaptive capacity. At the same time, the new variety should combine, along with high productivity and resistance to adverse environmental factors, such valuable signs and properties as immunity to scab and powdery mildew, small dimensions of the crown of the tree, attractive appearance, signs of marketability and good taste qualities of fruits. The need to obtain such varieties determines the involvement in practical breeding of genetically diverse, well-studied varieties and the creation of new donors combining the maximum number of selected traits and properties. In the apple tree assortment, varieties have appeared that, in a complex, stably transmit to offspring several valuable of the above characteristics. The last 10-15 years have made it possible in many ways to reorient practical breeding to such relatively new parental forms, which for our country turned out to be the varieties Idared, Golden Delicious, Goldspur, Welspur and others. The varieties Prima, Liberty, Redfrey, Trident, Taspan, Tileimon and others have become invaluable starting materials in breeding for immunity to scab.
The work was aimed at updating the industrial assortment of apple trees with varieties with high and stable yields in different weather conditions in years for ecologically contrasting zones of the North Caucasus. The potential abilities of the best parental forms of the apple tree were revealed when studying the priority signs of the fruit and tree. As a result, optimal ratios of parental components have been selected that are suitable for use in breeding in the foothills of the North Caucasus. The main problem of apple tree breeding remains the creation of varieties with high adaptive capacity. At the same time, the new variety should combine, along with high productivity and resistance to adverse environmental factors, such valuable signs and properties as immunity to scab and powdery mildew, small dimensions of the crown of the tree, attractive appearance, signs of marketability and good taste qualities of fruits. The need to obtain such varieties determines the involvement in practical breeding of genetically diverse, well-studied varieties and the creation of new donors combining the maximum number of selected traits and properties. In the apple tree assortment, varieties have appeared that, in a complex, stably transmit to offspring several valuable of the above characteristics. The last 10-15 years have made it possible in many ways to reorient practical breeding to such relatively new parental forms, which for our country turned out to be the varieties Idared, Golden Delicious, Goldspur, Welspur and others. The varieties Prima, Liberty, Redfrey, Trident, Taspan, Tileimon and others have become invaluable starting materials in breeding for immunity to scab.
Keywords:
sorta yabloni, selekciya, roditel'skih form, kombinacionnaya sposobnost', karlikovost', skoroplodnost'
sorta yabloni, selekciya, roditel'skih form, kombinacionnaya sposobnost', karlikovost', skoroplodnost'
