Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
UDC 502/504
UDC 631.6
Ways to manage limited natural water resources to increase the productivity of feedland and the stability of grain and feed production in the unirrigation conditions of the Kalmykia dry-steppe zone have been explored: the choice of drought-tolerant, high-yielding feed crops and the use of water-saving technologies for their cultivation. Perspective forage crop for the conditions under consideration is grain sorghum, which has good forage qualities, economic versatility, high heat and drought resistance, unpretentiousness to soil conditions, including salinity. Field studies were conducted in 2016-2018 in the Sarpin district of the Republic of Kalmykia, where two-factor field experience with 5 varieties of two groups of ripeness on drought resistance of grain sorghum (early ripe - Orlovsky, Sostav; medium-ripe - Zernogradsky 53, Zersta 99, Ayushka) and 3 ways of basic soil processing (syable plowing to a depth of 0.20 m - control, flat-cut processing to a depth of 0.20... 0.22 m, driving processing to a depth of 0.16... 0.18 m). Studies have shown that in years of different heat and moisture supply, natural water resources satisfactorily provide total water consumption of grain sorghum to generate acceptable yields in unirrigation farming conditions. Yield sorghum grain at 2.47-2.53 tons per hectare in early ripe varieties with the lowest water resources 652-667 m3/t is provided by the method of flat-cut processing. Medium-ripe varieties of grain sorghum are more efficient to grow by the method of basic soil processing driving, which contributes to the formation of grain yields at the level of 2.50-3.20 tons per hectare with a water consumption factor of 559-659 m3/tons.
semi-desert zone of Kalmykia, light-chestnut soils, field experiments, grain sorghum, soil processing technologies, unirrigation conditions, water consumption, yields
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